填空式考研英语阅读练与析1
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(1)
Directions: In the following article， some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1-5， choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices， which do not fit in any of the gaps.
These are things to watch out for when starting to invest.
Calculate your worth: Make a note of all your assests， no matter how insignificant they seem. 1)___________ ______________ .
Know your risk levels: 2)_______________________. ?
Consider the objective behind your decision to invest: are you aiming to retire in a decade， or are you saving for a deposit on a house? Your age and circumstances， as well as economic conditions， will determine the right investment for you.
Have a nest egg: Keep at least three months’ wages available in cash before considering any other investment. That way， you will not lose out by having to liquidate a poorly-performing asset at an unfavourable time.
Learn the basics: 3)___________________. The market for property may appear favourable for first-time homebuyers， but a house is an illiquid investment. Equities are relatively volatile， but can be liquidated quickly.
Take advice: 4)____________________. News takes a long time to filter down to the guy in the street and chances are that any hot tip is past its sell-by date. Spend some time with a financial adviser， read the papers or books on investing. That way， you can make educated decisions.
Diversify: Once you have a core position， look around for satellite investments that may spice up your portfolio. Do not only buy equities， consider bonds， property or collectibles to protect yourself against poor performance in one asset class.
Hang in there: Stick to your plan， even if your investment seems to be floundering. New investors are often driven by emotion and react at the wrong times. 5)___________ __________.
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［A］ Create a core investment portfolio in something solid such as blue—chip stocks that will bring in steady gains over the years.
［B］That way， you can work out what sort of investment suits you and over what time frame.
［C］ Find out about various asset classes and their characteristics.
［D］ By this way， you avoid having to decide when the time is ?right to buy — a skill even most mature investors fail to get right.
［E］Financial experts will tell you that timing the market is almost impossible， but time in the market will eventually pay off.
［F］Think carefully about your future plans and where you would like to be in a few years’ time.
［G］Avoid following the herd and buying into the latest fashionable initial public offering .
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答案及详解
1.B。估算财产，以及Make a note(做记录)的目的，显然是为了搞清楚投资类型，所以选B。
2.F。从下文，考虑一下决定投资的目的：你10年内打算退休呢还是为了买房而存款，显然是在思考未来的计划以及生活环境，所以选F。
3.C。从后文对房地产市场以及股票的特点分析看，此处作者对basics(常识)的概括是指，搞清有关的各种不同资产类别及其特点。
4.G。文中提到对普通人来讲，信息需要很长时间方能传到他们的耳中，因此“any hot tip is past its sell- by date”。得知的热门消息往往是过时的。所以我们知道作者此句旨在强调不要随波逐流去买进一些时髦证券。
5.E。前文说到投资新手常常感情冲动，在错误的时间里做出反应，且此段标题为hang in there(坚持不懈)。显然，我们知道此句应为E中前面一个timing the market指掌握市场(买卖时机)后一个time in manket 指在市场上坚持下去
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中心思想
本文论述投资必须谨记的几件事情，估算财产以搞清投资类型，了解投资风
险和基本常识，咨询理财顾问，阅读相关书稿。投资方式多样化以及坚持执行计
划。
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(2)
Directions:In the following article， some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1-5， choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices， which do not fit in any of the gaps.
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Here I want to try to give you an answer to the question: What personal qualities are desirable in a teacher? Probably no two people would draw up exactly the same lists. But I think the following would be generally accepted.
First， 1) _________________. But it does rule out such types as the overexcitable， melancholy， frigid， sarcastic， cynical， frustrated， and overbearing: I would say too， that it excludes all of dull or purely negative personality.
Secondly， 2) _________________. Closely related with this is the capacity to be tolerant- not， indeed， of what is wrong， but of the frailty and immaturity of human nature which induce people， and again especially children， to make mistakes.
Thirdly， 3) ___________________. This does not mean being a saint. It means that he will be aware of his intellectual strengths， and limitations， and will have thought about and decided upon the moral principles by which his life shall be guided. There is no contradiction in my going on to say that a teacher should be a bit of an actor. That is part of the technique of teaching， which demands that every now and then a teacher should be able to put on an act- to enliven a lesson， correct a fault， or award praise. Children， especially young children， live in a world that is rather larger than life.
On the other hand， 4) ___________________. He must be pretty resilient， teaching makes great demands on nervous energy. And he should be able to take in his stride the innumerable petty irritations any adult dealing with children has to endure.
Finally， 5) ___________________. There are three principle objects of study: the subject， or subjects， which the teacher is teaching; the methods by which they can best be taught to the particular pupils in the classes he is teaching; and - by far the most important- the children， young people， or adults to whom they are to be taught. The cardinal principle of British education is education of the whole person， and that it is best acquired through full and active cooperation between two persons， the teacher and the learner.
［A］it is not merely desirable but essential for a teacher to have a genuine capacity for sympathy - in the literal meaning of that word; a capacity to tune in to the minds and feelings of other people.
［B］a teacher must be capable of infinite patronee. This， I may say， is largely a matter of selfdiscipline and selftraining， because none of us were born like that.
［C］the teacher’s personality should be pleasantly live and attractive. This does not rule out people who are physically plain， or even ugly， because many such have great personal charm.
［D］A teacher must remain mentally alert， He must be quick to adapt himself to any situation， however improbable (they happen!) and able to improvise， if necessary at less than a moment’s notice
［E］A teacher should be humorous sometimes like a best friend sitting down across from you in your living room having a chat about what’s going on in your life.
［F］I think a teacher should have the kind of mind， which always wants to go on learning. Teaching is a job at which one will never be perfect; there is always something more to learn about it.
［G］I hold it essential for a teacher to be both intellectually and morally honest.
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答案及解析
1)C。这是要你判断教师首先必须具备的个人品质。从后文中应排除忧郁、冷漠、生性呆板等性格特征看，与之对应的应是“pleasantly live” attractive. 从“does rule out” 我们应发现与之对应的“does not rule out”：所以C最符合原文
2)A。与“tolerant”联系紧密的是什么。只有深刻的从内心理解对方，才能做到“tolerant of the frailty and immaturity of human nature”。显然A项与此联系最紧密。
3)G。表明诚实的含义，不是对做圣人，而是一种对一生准则的选择。
4)B。从后文“innumerable peoty irritation”看，处理那些数不清的，琐碎的令人恼火的事情 infinite patience 当然是必须的，我们选B。
5)F。从 There are three principle objects of study 这段是要突出永远学习的必要性。而不是D中所单指的 “intelligence”
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中心思想
本文论述了教师理想的个人品质。
他应该是精力充沛，令人愉快的，他要有真诚的必不可少的同情心，在知识、道德上诚实，具有无限耐心，最后，他还要有一颗永远渴望学习的心。
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（3）
Directions: In the following article， some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1-5， choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices， which do not fit in any of the gaps.
Americans wear black for mourning. Chinese wear white. Westerners think of dragons as monsters. Chinese honor them as symbols of God. Chinese civilization has often shown such polarities with the West， as though each stands at extreme ends of a global string. 1) ___________________.
His findings go far toward explaining why American cultures seem so contentious and Chinese cultures so passive， when compared to each other. More importantly， the research opens the way for the peoples of the East and the West to learn from each other in fundamental ways. 2) ___________________ said kaiping Peng， a former Beijing scholar， who is now a UC Borkeley assinstant professor of psychology.
“Americans have a terrible need to find out who is right in an argument，” said Peng. “The problem is that at the interpersonal level， you really don’t need to find the truth， or may be there isn’t any.” Chinese people， said Peng， are far more content to think that both sides have flaws and virtues， because they have a holistic awareness that life is full of contradictions. They do far less blaming of the individual than do Americans， he added.
In studies of interpersonal argument， for example， when subjects were asked to deal with contradictory information stemming from conflict between a mother and a daughter or a student and a school， Peng found that Americans were “noncompromising， blaming one side- usually the mother -- for the causes of the problems， demanding changes from one side to attain a solution and offering no compromise” in dealing with the conflict.
3) ___________________
In tests of scientific thinking， however， the Chinese came up short. Asked to determine which statement was true-- whether， for instance， smoking makes people gain or lose weight-- Chinese respondents took the middle road， even when they believed one statement to be less true than another.
4) ___________________
He believes that this tendency to find the middle way has hampered Chinese efforts to seek out scientific truth through aggressive argumentation， the classic Western method for forging a linear path through contradictory information， which results in identifying right and wrong answers.
Dialectical thinking also has a Western version， which Americans often consider the highest， most sophisticated form of reasoning， said Peng. This type of reasoning allows people to proceed from thesis to antithesis， to synthesis.
5) ___________________
［A］In Chinese folk wisdom， by comparison， people do not attempt to work through the contradictions， following a cultural tradition which holds that reality is “multilayered， unpredictable and contradictory，” and is in a constant state of change， Peng said.
［B］“It can hardly be right to move to the middle when you have just read evidence for a less plausible view. Yet that is what the Chinese subjects did，”said Peng.
［C］The Chinese could learn much from Western methods for determining scientific truth，and Americans could profit enormously from the Chinese tolerance for accepting contradictions in social and personal life.
［D］Compared to this angry， blaming merican stance， the Chinese were paragons of compromise， finding fault on both sides and looking for solutions that moved both sides to the middle.
［E］The best way is to use bothone style for science and another for relationships. Maybe that will be the real benefit of multicultralism.
［F］“They should stop blaming each other， poor people and immigrants， and talk about what we can do as a society to become more tolerant，” said Peng.
［G］ Now a University of California， Berkeley， Psychologist has discovered deeper polatities between Chinese and American cultures-- polarities that go to the heart of how we reason and discover truth.
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答案及详解
1.G。文章开头即指明中、西文化宛如地球的两个端点，从第二段第二句以及第六段的“In tests of scientific … short”看，此处作者想更进一步表明中、西在“reason and discover truth”上的差异。
2.C。前文是两者的不同，这里指出应互相学习。干扰项为E，但我们注意到，E过于笼统，而C句中的“scientific truth”与“social and personal life”与下面展开的段落直接相关，所以选C。
3.D。上一段举例表明美国人在人际关系中，互相指责，此段作为对比，显示了中国人的中庸之道，这一段是围绕第三段中“They do far less blaming of the individual than do Americans.”展开的。
4.B。在肯定中国人在处理人际关系中的优势后，作者随即指出其在 scientific thinking 上折中主义的劣势，从下文的“hamper”可以看出，作者对在科学问题上也采用折中主义这种方法是不赞成的，因此我们选B。
5.A。对比中西方辨证思维模式的不同。从上文中的西方的推理是由正题推出反题，进而推出合理看，此处应为论述中国人认为现实是“multilayered， contradictions”的思维方式。
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中心思想
本文论述了中美文明在社会关系和科学问题上的差异，美国人在人际关系中
比较好斗，而中国人倾向寻求折中的解决方案，在科学问题中，中国人也经常采
用中间路线，美国人的直线前进的方法，往往可以辨明正确和错误的答案，作者
主张生活中采用中国方式，科学上采用美国方式。
